A pre-dispute contractual clause that removes those consumer jurisdiction rights is generally restricted.
Separately, under the EU Unfair Contract Terms Directive, a standard term that effectively excludes or hinders a consumer’s ability to take legal action can be considered unfair and therefore not binding on the consumer.
A pre-dispute contractual clause that removes those consumer jurisdiction rights is generally restricted.
Separately, under the EU Unfair Contract Terms Directive, a standard term that effectively excludes or hinders a consumer’s ability to take legal action can be considered unfair and therefore not binding on the consumer.
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/1993/13/2022-05-28/eng
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A62019CJ0519